LPN Therapeutic Diets and Enteral Feedings 5

Question 1

The LPN is preparing to flush a jejunostomy tube. Which solution is recommended for routine tube flushes?

Accepted Answer

Tap water (for adults with intact immune systems)

Answer

Normal saline

Answer

Sterile water

Answer

Cranberry juice to prevent clogging

Question 2

A patient with COPD requires nutritional support. Which dietary modification is most appropriate to reduce carbon dioxide production?

Accepted Answer

High-fat, lower-carbohydrate diet

Answer

High-carbohydrate, low-fat diet

Answer

High-protein, high-carbohydrate diet

Answer

Low-calorie liquid diet only

Question 3

When initiating continuous enteral feedings, the LPN should start at what rate and advance how?

Accepted Answer

Low rate (10–20 mL/hr) and increase gradually as tolerated per orders

Answer

Full goal rate immediately to meet nutritional needs

Answer

Half the goal rate for 12 hours then discontinue

Answer

Intermittent bolus only, never continuous

Question 4

A patient on a fluid-restricted diet due to hyponatremia asks if gelatin (Jell-O) is allowed. The LPN correctly responds:

Accepted Answer

No, gelatin is counted as a fluid because it is liquid at room temperature

Answer

Yes, gelatin is not counted as a fluid

Answer

Yes, only small amounts of gelatin are restricted

Answer

No, gelatin is restricted only for diabetic patients

Question 5

The LPN is caring for a patient with a new PEG tube. What is the earliest the skin around the PEG site should be cleaned?

Accepted Answer

24 hours after insertion using soap and water as ordered

Answer

Immediately after insertion

Answer

Only when visible soiling is present

Answer

One week after insertion to allow healing

Question 6

A patient receiving enteral nutrition develops hyperglycemia. Which nursing action is the priority?

Accepted Answer

Monitor blood glucose per orders and notify the provider for management

Answer

Discontinue feedings immediately

Answer

Switch to a high-fiber formula without notifying the provider

Answer

Administer insulin without an order to correct the glucose

Question 7

Which dietary modification is most appropriate for a patient with iron-deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

Increase heme iron foods and consume vitamin C with iron-rich meals

Answer

Increase calcium-rich foods with each meal

Answer

Restrict protein intake to reduce iron demand

Answer

Take iron supplements with milk to improve absorption