LPN LPN: Pharmacological Therapies 2

Question 1

A patient is prescribed metformin 500 mg twice daily. Which condition is an absolute contraindication for this medication?

Accepted Answer

Renal impairment with eGFR < 30 mL/min

Answer

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Hyperlipidemia

Question 2

An LPN is administering heparin subcutaneously. Which action is correct technique?

Accepted Answer

Inject into the abdomen 2 inches from the umbilicus

Answer

Massage the injection site after administration

Answer

Aspirate before injecting to check for blood return

Answer

Use a 1-inch needle for subcutaneous injection

Question 3

A patient taking warfarin reports eating large amounts of leafy green vegetables daily. What is the primary concern?

Accepted Answer

Decreased anticoagulant effect due to high vitamin K intake

Answer

Increased bleeding risk due to drug-food interaction

Answer

Gastrointestinal irritation from fiber content

Answer

Elevated potassium levels affecting drug metabolism

Question 4

Which medication requires the nurse to monitor serum potassium levels most closely?

Accepted Answer

Furosemide

Answer

Amoxicillin

Answer

Metoprolol

Answer

Omeprazole

Question 5

A patient is prescribed morphine 4 mg IV every 4 hours PRN for pain. The patient's respiratory rate is 10 breaths/min. What should the LPN do first?

Accepted Answer

Notify the charge nurse or physician immediately

Answer

Administer the morphine as ordered

Answer

Document the finding and reassess in 30 minutes

Answer

Encourage the patient to breathe deeply and reassess

Question 6

Which statement by a patient indicates understanding of taking oral iron supplements correctly?

Accepted Answer

'I should take my iron pill with orange juice on an empty stomach.'

Answer

'I should take my iron pill with a glass of milk.'

Answer

'I should take my iron pill with my antacid to prevent upset stomach.'

Answer

'I should take my iron pill at the same time as my calcium supplement.'

Question 7

A patient receiving IV vancomycin develops flushing, erythema, and hypotension during infusion. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Red Man Syndrome from rapid infusion

Answer

Anaphylactic reaction

Answer

Vancomycin-resistant infection

Answer

Phlebitis at the IV site