DVM Preventive Medicine and Zoonoses 2

Question 1

Which zoonotic pathogen is primarily transmitted to humans through contact with infected animal urine, particularly from rodents and livestock?

Accepted Answer

Leptospira interrogans

Answer

Leptospira interrogans is shed in animal urine and can penetrate human skin or mucous membranes, causing leptospirosis.

Question 2

A beef cattle herd is experiencing reproductive losses. Serology confirms Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV). What is the most important control strategy?

Accepted Answer

Identify and remove persistently infected (PI) animals

Answer

Persistently infected (PI) animals are the primary reservoir of BVDV and shed large amounts of virus continuously, so their identification and removal is essential for control.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'herd immunity threshold' in veterinary preventive medicine?

Accepted Answer

The proportion of immune individuals needed to prevent epidemic spread in a population

Answer

The herd immunity threshold is the proportion of immune individuals in a population above which disease cannot sustain epidemic spread, calculated as 1 - 1/R0.

Question 4

A veterinarian is asked to advise on controlling Salmonella in a commercial poultry flock. Which intervention is MOST effective at the population level?

Accepted Answer

Competitive exclusion products combined with vaccination

Answer

Competitive exclusion products introduce beneficial microflora that outcompete Salmonella, and when combined with vaccination, provide the most effective population-level control.

Question 5

Which arthropod vector is responsible for transmitting both Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the northeastern United States?

Accepted Answer

Ixodes scapularis

Answer

Ixodes scapularis (black-legged tick) is the primary vector for both Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the northeastern and upper midwestern US.

DVM - Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Practice Test

DVM - Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Practice Test

DVM Preventive Medicine and Zoonoses 2