DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics Questions and Answers

Question 1

A 4-month-old, 20 kg Labrador Retriever puppy is diagnosed with a bacterial urinary tract infection.
The owner has financial constraints and declines a urine culture and sensitivity.
Which of the following antimicrobials should be AVOIDED as an empirical choice due to the risk of inducing arthropathy in a growing dog?

Accepted Answer

Enrofloxacin

Answer

Cephalexin

Answer

Amoxicillin-clavulanate

Answer

Trimethoprim-sulfadiazine

Question 2

Which of the following is the most common and clinically significant adverse effect associated with phenylbutazone administration in horses?

Accepted Answer

Right dorsal colitis

Answer

Laminitis

Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Answer

Aplastic anemia

Question 3

A 7-year-old Doberman Pinscher is diagnosed with preclinical (occult) dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) via an echocardiogram which reveals significant left ventricular dilation in systole. The dog is currently asymptomatic. Based on the findings of the PROTECT study, which medication is indicated to delay the onset of congestive heart failure and prolong survival?

Accepted Answer

Pimobendan

Answer

Furosemide

Answer

Atenolol

Answer

Enalapril

Question 4

A 5-year-old indoor cat is presented for emergency evaluation. The owner reports administering a single dose of an over-the-counter human pain reliever 12 hours ago. The cat is lethargic, with facial edema and muddy, cyanotic mucous membranes. These clinical signs are most consistent with toxicity from which drug, and what is the primary therapeutic antidote?

Accepted Answer

Acetaminophen; N-acetylcysteine

Answer

Ibuprofen; Misoprostol

Answer

Aspirin; Vitamin K1

Answer

Naproxen; Omeprazole

Question 5

What is the primary mechanism of action for the antiemetic drug maropitant?

Accepted Answer

Neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist in the emetic center

Answer

Dopamine (D2) receptor antagonist in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CRTZ)

Answer

Serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist on vagal afferent nerves

Answer

H1-histamine receptor antagonist in the vestibular nucleus

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding extra-label drug use (ELDU) in food-producing animals in the United States is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phenylbutazone is prohibited from extra-label use in female dairy cattle 20 months of age or older.

Answer

A veterinarian may use a drug extra-label if it is more cost-effective than the approved labeled drug.

Answer

ELDU is permitted for production purposes, such as improving feed efficiency.

Answer

It is permissible to use any approved human drug in a food animal if a veterinarian deems it necessary.