FREE DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Large Animal Medicine Questions and Answers

Question 1

A 4-year-old female Boer goat presents with acute neurological signs including stargazing, circling, and apparent blindness.
The owner reports a recent change in feed, incorporating a higher concentration of grain.
What is the most likely diagnosis and appropriate immediate treatment?

Accepted Answer

Polioencephalomalacia (PEM); injectable thiamine (Vitamin B1)

Answer

Listeriosis; high-dose penicillin

Answer

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE); supportive care

Answer

Tetanus; tetanus antitoxin and wound debridement

Question 2

A producer of a large swine finishing operation reports an increase in post-weaning mortality. Affected pigs are 8-12 weeks old and exhibit progressive weight loss ('wasting'), respiratory distress, and visibly enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. Several pigs also have diarrhea and pale skin. Which of the following pathogens is the most likely primary cause of this syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)

Answer

Lawsonia intracellularis

Answer

Streptococcus suis

Answer

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Question 3

You are called to a dairy farm to examine a cow that calved 6 hours ago. The owner reports a large, reddish mass protruding from the vulva. Upon examination, you identify a complete uterine prolapse with the caruncles visible. The cow is standing but straining. Which of the following is the most critical first step in managing this case?

Accepted Answer

Administer a caudal epidural anesthetic.

Answer

Administer a high dose of oxytocin to cause uterine involution.

Answer

Immediately attempt to manually replace the uterus using firm pressure.

Answer

Start intravenous fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Question 4

A group of recently weaned beef calves arrives at a feedlot after a long transport. Within 10 days, several calves develop a fever (105°F), depression, nasal discharge, and a moist cough. This complex, multifactorial respiratory disease is commonly referred to as Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) or 'shipping fever'. Which of the following is NOT a primary viral pathogen typically associated with initiating BRD complex?

Accepted Answer

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) agent

Answer

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus

Answer

Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) virus

Answer

Parainfluenza-3 (PI3) virus

Question 5

A 10-year-old Quarter Horse gelding presents with a cresty neck, generalized obesity (BCS 8/9), and a history of recurrent laminitis. You suspect Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS). Which diagnostic test is considered the most sensitive for confirming insulin dysregulation associated with this condition?

Accepted Answer

Oral sugar test (OST)

Answer

Baseline cortisol measurement

Answer

Thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Question 6

A beef cow on a lush legume pasture presents with severe abdominal distension on the left side, dyspnea, and grunting. The distension is firm and non-reducible with a stomach tube. You diagnose frothy (pasture) bloat. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment?

Accepted Answer

Administration of an anti-foaming agent, such as poloxalene, via stomach tube.

Answer

Trocarization of the right paralumbar fossa to release free gas.

Answer

Intravenous administration of calcium gluconate to stimulate rumen motility.

Answer

Oral administration of a large volume of cold water to 'shock' the rumen.