DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Anesthesia and Pain Management Questions and Answers

Question 1

A 7-year-old cat with a known history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) requires anesthesia for a full-mouth dental extraction.
Which of the following induction agents should be used with the most caution due to its sympathomimetic effects, which increase heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand?

Accepted Answer

Ketamine

Answer

Propofol

Answer

Alfaxalone

Answer

Etomidate

Question 2

During the anesthesia of an intubated dog, the end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) reading on the capnograph abruptly drops from a stable 40 mmHg to near 0 mmHg. The waveform is completely lost. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Disconnection of the breathing circuit

Answer

Severe hypotension

Answer

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer

Exhausted CO2 absorbent

Question 3

Which of the following analgesic agents provides pain relief primarily by acting as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, making it particularly useful for preventing central sensitization or 'wind-up' pain?

Accepted Answer

Ketamine

Answer

Morphine

Answer

Meloxicam

Answer

Dexmedetomidine

Question 4

To perform a complete mandibular nerve block that desensitizes all teeth in the right mandible (quadrant 400) of a dog, where is the most appropriate anatomical target for local anesthetic deposition?

Accepted Answer

The mandibular foramen, located on the medial surface of the caudal mandible

Answer

The mental foramen, located rostrally below the second premolar

Answer

The infraorbital foramen, located rostral to the orbit

Answer

The major palatine foramen, located on the hard palate

Question 5

What is the primary metabolic reason that most non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) must be used with extreme caution and at specific, validated doses and intervals in cats?

Accepted Answer

They have a relative deficiency in the hepatic enzyme glucuronyl transferase.

Answer

They are highly susceptible to NSAID-induced hepatotoxicity.

Answer

They frequently develop severe gastric ulceration after a single dose.

Answer

They are unable to produce protective prostaglandins in the stomach.

Question 6

A 3-year-old Golden Retriever is recovering 12 hours after a tibial-plateau-leveling osteotomy (TPLO). The patient is receiving a constant rate infusion of fentanyl. To implement a multimodal analgesic plan and target a different part of the pain pathway, which of the following would be the most appropriate class of drug to add?

Accepted Answer

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), such as carprofen

Answer

An NMDA receptor antagonist, such as ketamine

Answer

A different pure mu-opioid, such as hydromorphone

Answer

An opioid antagonist, such as naloxone

A 7-year-old cat with a known history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) requires anesthesia for a full-mouth dental extraction.Which of the following induction agents should be used with the most caution due to its sympathomimetic effects, which increase heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand?

A 7-year-old cat with a known history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) requires anesthesia for a full-mouth dental extraction.
Which of the following induction agents should be used with the most caution due to its sympathomimetic effects, which increase heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand?