FREE DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Anesthesia and Surgical Principles Questions and Answers

Question 1

The Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) of an inhalant anesthetic is used to compare agents based on which characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Potency

Answer

The speed of induction and recovery

Answer

The degree of cardiovascular depression

Answer

Solubility in the blood

Question 2

During a routine ovariohysterectomy on a healthy canine patient, the end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) on the capnograph abruptly drops from a steady 40 mmHg to near 0 mmHg. The patient's other vital signs are initially unchanged. What is the MOST likely cause of this change?

Accepted Answer

Disconnection of the breathing circuit or esophageal intubation

Answer

Severe hypoventilation

Answer

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer

A sudden increase in cardiac output

Question 3

A surgeon requires a suture material for closing the linea alba of a 40kg dog undergoing an exploratory laparotomy. The ideal material should be absorbable but retain significant tensile strength for at least 4-6 weeks to accommodate the slow healing of this fascial tissue. Which of the following is the most appropriate choice?

Accepted Answer

Polydioxanone (PDS)

Answer

Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl)

Answer

Surgical Gut (Chromic)

Answer

Silk

Question 4

A 9-year-old feline patient with known hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) requires anesthesia for multiple dental extractions. Which of the following drugs should be used with extreme caution or avoided as part of the anesthetic protocol due to its sympathomimetic effects, which increase heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand?

Accepted Answer

Ketamine

Answer

Buprenorphine

Answer

Meloxicam

Answer

Lidocaine (as a dental block)

Question 5

While monitoring a 7-year-old dog under isoflurane anesthesia for a mass removal, you note the mean arterial pressure (MAP) has dropped to 55 mmHg. The patient's heart rate is stable at 90 bpm and anesthetic depth is appropriate. What is the most appropriate FIRST step to manage this hypotension?

Accepted Answer

Administer a bolus of an intravenous crystalloid solution.

Answer

Increase the isoflurane vaporizer setting.

Answer

Start a constant rate infusion of dopamine.

Answer

Administer a dose of atropine intravenously.

Question 6

Which of the following methods is considered the gold standard for achieving sterility of common stainless steel surgical instruments, such as hemostats and scalpels, in a veterinary practice?

Accepted Answer

Autoclaving with pressurized steam at 121°C (250°F) for 15 minutes.

Answer

Soaking in glutaraldehyde-based solution for 30 minutes.

Answer

Wiping all surfaces with 70% isopropyl alcohol.

Answer

Using a glass bead sterilizer for 45 seconds.