DVM General Practice 4

Question 1

A 6-month-old intact female large-breed dog is spayed. Which early spay complication is this patient at increased risk for compared to spaying after first estrus?

Accepted Answer

Urinary incontinence

Answer

Early spay before first estrus in large-breed dogs increases risk of hormone-responsive urinary incontinence due to incomplete urethral sphincter development.

Question 2

A dog presents with sudden onset of blindness, dilated unresponsive pupils, and elevated IOP of 52 mmHg OD. Which treatment should be initiated immediately?

Accepted Answer

Topical latanoprost and IV mannitol

Answer

Acute glaucoma requires emergency reduction of IOP using topical prostaglandin analogues and hyperosmotic agents like mannitol to preserve vision.

Question 3

Which blood type system is most clinically relevant in cats, and which type requires special care before transfusion due to natural alloantibodies?

Accepted Answer

AB system; Type B cats have strong anti-A alloantibodies

Answer

Feline type B cats have strong naturally occurring anti-A alloantibodies, making transfusion of Type A blood to a Type B cat potentially fatal.

Question 4

A 9-year-old Golden Retriever presents with exercise intolerance, weight gain, cold intolerance, and a symmetrical truncal alopecia. T4 is 0.3 µg/dL (normal 1.5-3.5). Which treatment is standard?

Accepted Answer

Levothyroxine sodium

Answer

Canine hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic levothyroxine (L-thyroxine) administered orally, with dose adjustments based on post-pill T4 monitoring.

Question 5

A bird of prey is found grounded and unable to fly. On exam, you note dull mentation, crop stasis, and green urates. Lead level is 0.8 ppm. Which chelation agent is the treatment of choice for lead toxicosis?

Accepted Answer

Calcium EDTA

Answer

Calcium EDTA is the preferred chelation agent for lead toxicosis in raptors and other birds, administered IM and repeated for several days.

DVM - Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Practice Test

DVM - Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Practice Test

DVM General Practice 4