DVM Anesthesia and Pain Management 5

Question 1

Which of the following is a CONTRAINDICATION to the use of ketamine as the sole induction agent in a dog?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled epilepsy

Answer

Ketamine lowers the seizure threshold and can provoke seizures in patients with uncontrolled epilepsy; it should be avoided or used with extreme caution in these patients.

Question 2

In epidural anesthesia in dogs, at which intervertebral space is the injection MOST commonly performed?

Accepted Answer

L7-S1

Answer

The lumbosacral (L7-S1) space is the standard site for epidural injection in dogs because the spinal cord ends cranial to this space, minimizing the risk of cord trauma.

Question 3

A rabbit undergoing ovariohysterectomy develops bradycardia and hypotension after induction with dexmedetomidine and ketamine. What is the MOST appropriate pharmacological intervention?

Accepted Answer

Atipamezole IM to reverse dexmedetomidine

Answer

Atipamezole reverses dexmedetomidine-induced alpha-2 agonist effects, restoring heart rate and vascular tone without requiring additional drugs.

Question 4

Which nociceptive pathway is PRIMARILY responsible for the slow, burning, poorly localized pain associated with tissue inflammation?

Accepted Answer

C fibers via the spinothalamic tract

Answer

Unmyelinated C fibers transmit slow, burning, diffuse pain from tissue inflammation via the spinothalamic tract to the thalamus and cortex.

Question 5

A dog undergoing splenectomy for a ruptured splenic mass suddenly develops peaked T-waves and wide QRS complexes on the ECG monitor. What is the MOST likely electrolyte abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hyperkalemia causes peaked T-waves, QRS widening, and can progress to sine-wave pattern and ventricular fibrillation; it can occur with massive tissue release from tumor necrosis.

DVM - Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Practice Test

DVM - Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Practice Test

DVM Anesthesia and Pain Management 5