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CNA Salary by State 2026

Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) are the backbone of long-term care in the United States, providing direct patient care in nursing homes, hospitals, assisted living facilities, and home health settings. But CNA pay is far from uniform — your paycheck depends heavily on where you work, not just what you do.

According to 2026–2026 Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data and state-level wage surveys, the national median CNA wage is approximately $16–17 per hour, which translates to $33,280–$35,360 per year for full-time workers. However, CNAs in high-paying states like California regularly earn $22–28/hr, while workers in the lowest-paying states may earn just $13–15/hr.

This article breaks down CNA salaries by state, explains what drives those regional differences, and shows you how to maximize your earning potential — whether you're just starting out or looking to advance. If you're preparing for the exam itself, our CNA practice tests and CNA certification guide are great starting points.

National Median CNA Salary (2026)

These figures are BLS-based estimates updated for 2026. State-level data below reflects the most recent available wage surveys, collective bargaining agreements, and state minimum wage changes effective January 2026.

What Affects CNA Pay?

Four primary forces drive the gap between a $13/hr CNA in Mississippi and a $26/hr CNA in San Francisco:

  1. State minimum wage laws — States with higher minimum wages (California $16, Washington $16.28) create a wage floor that pulls CNA pay upward across all facilities.
  2. Union presence — Unionized CNAs, particularly in the Northeast and Pacific Coast, often earn 15–25% more than non-union peers through collective bargaining agreements.
  3. Cost of living — High-cost states must offer higher wages to attract and retain workers. The BLS locality-adjusted wages reflect this directly.
  4. Facility type — Hospitals consistently pay more than nursing homes or assisted living facilities, sometimes by $3–6/hr for the same CNA license.

Understanding these factors helps you make strategic career decisions. For deeper career planning, see our CNA careers guide and the CNA career & salary guide.

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Top 10 States for CNA Pay — Detailed Breakdown

Here is a deeper look at why the highest-paying states command premium wages and what to expect in each market.

1. California — $22–28/hr

California leads the nation in CNA pay by a significant margin. The state's $16/hr minimum wage (2026), strong union presence through SEIU and AFSCME, and chronic healthcare worker shortage create sustained upward pressure on wages. Bay Area and Los Angeles CNAs in union hospitals regularly hit $26–30/hr with shift differentials. Sacramento and San Diego are slightly lower but still well above the national median. See the CNA in California guide for training and certification details.

2. Washington — $20–26/hr

Washington State's $16.28 minimum wage and dense union representation in the Puget Sound region push CNA wages well above average. Seattle-area hospital CNAs with 3+ years experience commonly earn $23–26/hr. The state also has robust Medicaid reimbursement rates that allow nursing homes to offer competitive pay.

3. Massachusetts — $19–25/hr

Massachusetts combines a high cost of living with strong labor protections and a large hospital network anchored by Boston's academic medical centers. CNAs at hospitals like Mass General and Brigham and Women's benefit from union contracts and annual step increases. Nursing home CNAs in rural MA earn closer to $18–20/hr.

4. Connecticut — $19–24/hr

Connecticut's high cost of living and proximity to New York City create competitive wages. The state has increased Medicaid reimbursements to nursing facilities, directly boosting CNA wages. Hartford and Stamford area facilities pay the most.

5. New York — $17–24/hr

New York is bifurcated: NYC CNAs in union facilities earn $20–24/hr or more, while upstate rural CNAs may earn $15–17/hr. The $16/hr state minimum wage (rising to $17 by 2026) and 1199SEIU union contracts drive wages in downstate facilities. New York's SAFE Staffing Act has increased demand for CNAs.

6. Alaska — $19–23/hr

Alaska's isolation and extreme cost of living require healthcare facilities to pay substantial premiums. The state's rural nursing shortage means experienced CNAs are highly sought after. Benefits packages often include housing allowances and relocation assistance.

7. Oregon — $18–23/hr

Oregon's $14.20 minimum wage, progressive labor laws, and growing Portland metro healthcare sector keep wages competitive. The state has expanded Medicaid coverage substantially, increasing funding that flows to CNA wages.

8. Nevada — $16–20/hr

Nevada benefits from Las Vegas's large resort-adjacent healthcare sector and a $12/hr minimum wage. Casino-adjacent hospitals and specialty clinics often pay $18–20/hr to attract reliable CNAs in a competitive labor market.

9. Minnesota — $16–20/hr

Minnesota's robust healthcare system, anchored by the Mayo Clinic and the Twin Cities' major hospital networks, offers strong CNA wages. The state's $10.85 minimum wage for large employers is supplemented by healthcare-specific wage scales negotiated at major health systems.

10. Illinois — $16–20/hr

Illinois' $14/hr minimum wage (rising to $15 by 2026) and Chicago's large union presence keep CNA wages competitive. Chicago-area hospital CNAs routinely earn $18–20/hr, while downstate rural facilities pay closer to $14–16/hr.

How to Earn More as a CNA
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Research the median CNA wage in your specific metro area (not just statewide) before any job interview
Check if the facility is unionized — if yes, the wage scale is set by contract, but you can negotiate start step
Ask about shift differential rates for evenings, nights, and weekends during the offer stage
Confirm whether on-call or per diem rates apply and how frequently extra shifts are available
Ask about annual merit increase schedules — some facilities offer 3–5% annual step increases
Inquire about paid specialty training (IV, phlebotomy, wound care) that comes with a pay bump
Compare total compensation: health insurance, 401(k) match, and tuition reimbursement can add $5,000–$10,000/yr in value
If the base rate is non-negotiable, negotiate a 90-day review with a raise tied to performance metrics
Ready to get CNA certified? Take a free practice test.

What is the highest-paying state for CNAs in 2026?

California is the highest-paying state for CNAs in 2026, with hourly wages ranging from $22 to $28/hr. Union CNAs at Bay Area or Los Angeles hospitals can exceed $28/hr with shift differentials. The state's high minimum wage, strong union presence, and persistent healthcare worker shortage all drive wages upward.

What is the average CNA salary in the United States?

The national median CNA wage is approximately $16.61/hr as of 2026 BLS estimates, translating to roughly $34,550 per year for full-time workers. Entry-level CNAs earn around $12.50–$14/hr, while experienced CNAs in high-demand markets can reach $22–$28/hr.

Do CNAs in hospitals earn more than CNAs in nursing homes?

Yes — hospital CNAs earn significantly more. Nationally, hospital CNAs average $18–22/hr versus $14–18/hr in nursing homes. The gap reflects higher acuity, different staffing requirements, and the fact that hospitals often have larger budgets and stronger union contracts. ICU and surgical unit CNAs in hospitals command the highest pay.

How can a CNA increase their salary without changing employers?

The most effective strategies are: (1) earning specialty certifications in phlebotomy, EKG, or wound care for a pay bump of $1–3/hr; (2) shifting to evening, overnight, or weekend shifts for differential pay of $1–3/hr; and (3) requesting a formal review at 6 or 12 months tied to documented performance. Asking about tuition reimbursement for LPN or RN bridge programs also opens higher pay tiers.

What are the lowest-paying states for CNAs?

The lowest-paying states in 2026 are Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas, and South Carolina, where CNA wages typically range from $13 to $15/hr ($27,000–$31,200/yr). These states have lower minimum wages, less union presence, and lower Medicaid reimbursement rates to facilities. Cost of living is also lower, though the wage gap often outpaces the cost-of-living difference.

Is travel CNA work worth it for higher pay?

Travel CNA work can be very lucrative — rates of $20–35/hr are common, with agencies often covering housing and travel. The tradeoffs are frequent relocation (contracts run 8–13 weeks), less job stability, and the need for 1–2 years of experience plus a compact state license. CNAs who are flexible about location and have solid acute care experience typically find travel work well worth the transition.
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