CLEP Biology Vertebrate Organ Systems 4

Question 1

What happens to blood pressure when the kidneys release renin?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure increases through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Answer

Renin triggers the RAAS cascade, ultimately producing angiotensin II which causes vasoconstriction and aldosterone release, raising blood pressure.

Question 2

Which vertebrate organ is responsible for producing bile?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to emulsify fats.

Question 3

What is the function of the corpus luteum after ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Secreting progesterone to maintain the uterine lining

Answer

After ovulation, the ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to prepare the uterus for implantation.

Question 4

In the vertebrate respiratory system, what is the function of surfactant?

Accepted Answer

Reducing surface tension in alveoli to prevent collapse

Answer

Surfactant, produced by type II alveolar cells, reduces surface tension within alveoli, preventing them from collapsing during exhalation.

Question 5

Which division of the autonomic nervous system slows heart rate and stimulates digestion?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic division

Answer

The parasympathetic division promotes rest-and-digest responses, including slowing the heart and stimulating GI activity.

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