CLEP Biology Genetics & Biological Diversity 4

Question 1

A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia (X^H X^h) has children with an unaffected man (X^H Y). What is the probability that a son will be affected?

Accepted Answer

50%

Answer

Sons receive their X chromosome only from their mother; since mom is a carrier, each son has a 50% chance of inheriting the hemophilia allele.

Question 2

Which kingdom is characterized by organisms that are eukaryotic, heterotrophic, and absorb nutrients through their cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Answer

Fungi are eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that digest food externally and absorb the nutrients through their cell walls.

Question 3

What is the result of nondisjunction during meiosis II in a cell with 2n = 4?

Accepted Answer

One gamete with an extra chromosome and one missing a chromosome, while two are normal

Answer

Nondisjunction in meiosis II affects only one pair of sister chromatids, producing two abnormal gametes (n+1 and n-1) and two normal ones.

Question 4

Which of the following correctly distinguishes Archaea from Bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Archaea lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls

Answer

Archaea lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls (they use pseudopeptidoglycan or other polymers), which is a key biochemical distinction from Bacteria.

Question 5

In a test cross, a dominant phenotype individual is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual. A 1:1 offspring ratio indicates the dominant parent was:

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous

Answer

A 1:1 ratio in a test cross results when the dominant-phenotype parent is heterozygous (Aa), producing Aa and aa offspring in equal proportions.

CLEP Practice Test

CLEP Practice Test

CLEP Biology Genetics & Biological Diversity 4