CLEP Biology Genetics & Biological Diversity 3

Question 1

A mutation that changes a codon from one amino acid to a different amino acid is called a:

Accepted Answer

Missense mutation

Answer

A missense mutation results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid, potentially altering protein function.

Question 2

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to Kingdom Fungi compared to Kingdom Plantae?

Accepted Answer

Cell walls made of chitin

Answer

Fungi have cell walls composed of chitin, whereas plant cell walls are made of cellulose.

Question 3

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation p² + 2pq + q² = 1, what does '2pq' represent?

Accepted Answer

Frequency of the heterozygous genotype

Answer

The term 2pq represents the frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Question 4

Which of the following would NOT disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Random mating in a large population

Answer

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium requires random mating; it is a condition that maintains equilibrium, not one that disrupts it.

Question 5

An organism that obtains energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds such as ammonia or hydrogen sulfide is called a:

Accepted Answer

Chemoautotroph

Answer

Chemoautotrophs use energy from oxidizing inorganic compounds and fix carbon dioxide as their carbon source.

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