Certified Surgical Technologist Anatomy and Physiology 2

Question 1

Which layer of the abdominal wall is incised last before entering the peritoneal cavity?

Accepted Answer

Peritoneum

Answer

The peritoneum is the innermost layer of the abdominal wall and is entered last to access the peritoneal cavity.

Question 2

The celiac trunk is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to which organs?

Accepted Answer

Stomach, liver, and spleen

Answer

The celiac trunk branches into the left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries, supplying the stomach, liver, and spleen.

Question 3

Which nerve is at risk during a total hip arthroplasty due to its proximity to the posterior hip capsule?

Accepted Answer

Sciatic nerve

Answer

The sciatic nerve passes posterior to the hip joint and is the most commonly injured nerve during posterior approach total hip arthroplasty.

Question 4

The mitral valve separates which two cardiac chambers?

Accepted Answer

Left atrium and left ventricle

Answer

The mitral (bicuspid) valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle, preventing backflow during ventricular systole.

Question 5

Which structure passes through the carpal tunnel alongside the flexor tendons?

Accepted Answer

Median nerve

Answer

The median nerve passes through the carpal tunnel with the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus tendons and flexor pollicis longus tendon.

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