CCTN Transplant Immunology and Rejection 2

Question 1

Which complement pathway is primarily activated in antibody-mediated rejection?

Accepted Answer

Classical pathway

Answer

The classical complement pathway is activated when donor-specific antibodies bind to graft endothelium, initiating the complement cascade in antibody-mediated rejection.

Question 2

C4d deposition on peritubular capillaries is a hallmark finding in which type of renal transplant rejection?

Accepted Answer

Antibody-mediated rejection

Answer

C4d deposition on peritubular capillaries is a pathologic marker of antibody-mediated rejection, indicating complement activation by donor-specific antibodies.

Question 3

Which of the following is the most important factor in determining a patient's risk for rejection in the first year after transplant?

Accepted Answer

Number of HLA mismatches

Answer

The number of HLA mismatches between donor and recipient is the most important immunologic factor determining rejection risk in the first year post-transplant.

Question 4

Which statement best describes tolerance in transplantation?

Accepted Answer

The recipient accepts the graft without ongoing immunosuppression

Answer

Operational tolerance means the recipient's immune system accepts the graft as self without requiring long-term immunosuppressive therapy.

Question 5

Which cytokine plays the most central role in T-cell activation during acute rejection?

Accepted Answer

IL-2

Answer

IL-2 is the primary growth factor for T lymphocytes and plays a central role in T-cell proliferation during acute rejection episodes.

CCTN - Certified Clinical Transplant Nurse Practice Test

CCTN - Certified Clinical Transplant Nurse Practice Test

CCTN Transplant Immunology and Rejection 2