CCTN Transplant Immunology and Rejection 2

Question 1

Which complement pathway is primarily activated in antibody-mediated rejection?

Accepted Answer

Classical pathway

Answer

Alternative pathway

Answer

Lectin pathway

Answer

Terminal pathway only

Question 2

C4d deposition on peritubular capillaries is a hallmark finding in which type of renal transplant rejection?

Accepted Answer

Antibody-mediated rejection

Answer

Hyperacute rejection

Answer

Acute cellular rejection

Answer

Chronic cellular rejection

Question 3

Which of the following is the most important factor in determining a patient's risk for rejection in the first year after transplant?

Accepted Answer

Number of HLA mismatches

Answer

Recipient age

Answer

Donor BMI

Answer

Cold ischemia time

Question 4

Which statement best describes tolerance in transplantation?

Accepted Answer

The recipient accepts the graft without ongoing immunosuppression

Answer

The recipient's immune system is permanently suppressed

Answer

The graft is rejected slowly over years

Answer

The donor kidney functions normally without HLA matching

Question 5

Which cytokine plays the most central role in T-cell activation during acute rejection?

Accepted Answer

IL-2

Answer

IL-4

Answer

IL-10

Answer

TNF-alpha

Question 6

The direct pathway of allorecognition involves recipient T cells recognizing donor antigens presented by which cells?

Accepted Answer

Donor antigen-presenting cells

Answer

Recipient antigen-presenting cells

Answer

Natural killer cells

Answer

Recipient B cells