ACSM-EP Musculoskeletal Anatomy 5

Question 1

A client presents with winging of the scapula. Which nerve and muscle are most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Long thoracic nerve and serratus anterior

Answer

Scapular winging is classically caused by weakness or paralysis of the serratus anterior due to long thoracic nerve damage, allowing the medial scapular border to lift off the thorax.

Question 2

Which bone forms the posterior portion of the hard palate and also contributes to the floor of the orbit?

Accepted Answer

Palatine bone

Answer

The palatine bone contributes to the posterior hard palate and also forms part of the orbital floor, nasal cavity, and pterygopalatine fossa.

Question 3

During gait, the gluteus medius fires eccentrically during which phase to prevent contralateral pelvic drop?

Accepted Answer

Mid-stance on the weight-bearing limb

Answer

During mid-stance, the gluteus medius of the weight-bearing limb contracts eccentrically to stabilize the pelvis and prevent the swing-side hip from dropping (Trendelenburg sign).

Question 4

The pes anserinus is a conjoined tendon inserting on the medial tibia. Which three muscles form it?

Accepted Answer

Sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus

Answer

The pes anserinus ('goose foot') is formed by the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus tendons converging on the medial proximal tibia.

Question 5

Which property of bone tissue allows it to resist tensile forces better than compressive forces?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fiber orientation in cortical bone

Answer

The orientation of collagen fibers in cortical bone, aligned along lines of stress, allows bone to resist tensile forces effectively while the mineral phase resists compression.

ACSM Practice Test

ACSM Practice Test

ACSM-EP Musculoskeletal Anatomy 5