WSI Study Guide 2026

Body roll, originating from the hips and core, is crucial for an efficient freestyle. It allows the swimmer to engage larger back and core muscles during the underwater pull, increasing power. It also helps the recovering arm to clear the water more easily and facilitates a lower-profile breath.

The correct sequence for the breaststroke is often described as "Pull, Breathe, Kick, Glide." The propulsive force from the whip kick occurs as the arms are recovering and extending forward, driving the body into the streamlined glide phase.

Accurate and complete records are crucial for liability purposes. They provide documented evidence of who was present, what skills were taught and practiced, and the participant's progress and final assessment. This documentation is vital for risk management and demonstrating professional conduct.

Skill level, age, and environmental complexity (e.g., water depth, pool shape, visibility) are the most critical factors in determining safe supervision ratios.

Preschool-aged children have shorter attention spans and learn best through play-based activities. The American Red Cross encourages instructors to use resources like 'Parent and Child Aquatics and Preschool Aquatics Images, Games, Songs and Rhymes' to make learning engaging and fun. Technical explanations and long drills are not as effective for this age group.

"Touch supervision" is a safety guideline strongly recommended by the American Red Cross and other safety organizations for infants, toddlers, and any inexperienced swimmer. It means the supervising adult should be in the water and close enough to reach out and touch the child at all times, enabling immediate assistance if needed. The other scenarios represent lapses in the close, constant attention required for this age group.