SGNA GI Anatomy and Physiology 3

Question 1

Barrett's esophagus is characterized by replacement of normal squamous epithelium with which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Intestinal metaplasia (columnar epithelium)

Answer

Barrett's esophagus involves replacement of normal squamous epithelium with specialized intestinal metaplasia, a precancerous condition associated with chronic GERD.

Question 2

The pancreatic acinar cells primarily produce which substance?

Accepted Answer

Digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, proteases)

Answer

Acinar cells produce and secrete digestive enzymes including amylase, lipase, and proteases (trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen) into the pancreatic duct.

Question 3

Which segment of the colon has the highest risk of diverticulosis formation in Western populations?

Accepted Answer

Sigmoid colon

Answer

The sigmoid colon experiences the highest intraluminal pressure and is the most common site for diverticulosis in Western countries.

Question 4

Intrinsic factor, essential for vitamin B12 absorption, is produced in which GI location?

Accepted Answer

Gastric parietal cells

Answer

Intrinsic factor is secreted by gastric parietal cells; without it, vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed in the terminal ileum, leading to pernicious anemia.

Question 5

Which anatomical landmark separates the ascending and transverse colon?

Accepted Answer

Hepatic flexure

Answer

The hepatic (right colic) flexure is where the ascending colon bends to become the transverse colon, located near the liver.

SGNA - Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates Practice Test

SGNA - Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates Practice Test

SGNA GI Anatomy and Physiology 3