SGNA Medications and Pharmacology

Question 1

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) work by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Irreversibly inhibiting the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme in parietal cells

Answer

Blocking histamine H2 receptors

Answer

Neutralizing gastric acid directly

Answer

Stimulating prostaglandin production

Question 2

Metoclopramide is primarily used in GI patients for which indication?

Accepted Answer

Gastroparesis and nausea

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Peptic ulcer treatment

Answer

C. difficile infection

Question 3

Which class of medications is contraindicated in patients with active GI bleeding due to increased bleeding risk?

Accepted Answer

Anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents (e.g., warfarin, aspirin)

Answer

Proton pump inhibitors

Answer

Antispasmodics

Answer

Antiemetics

Question 4

Glucagon is sometimes administered during upper GI endoscopy for which purpose?

Accepted Answer

Relax smooth muscle to reduce spasm and improve visualization

Answer

Increase gastric motility

Answer

Treat hypoglycemia

Answer

Stimulate gastric acid secretion

Question 5

Which laxative class works by increasing intraluminal osmotic pressure to draw water into the bowel?

Accepted Answer

Osmotic laxatives (e.g., polyethylene glycol, lactulose)

Answer

Stimulant laxatives

Answer

Bulk-forming laxatives

Answer

Lubricant laxatives

Question 6

Mesalamine (5-ASA) is used primarily for treatment of which GI condition?

Accepted Answer

Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease)

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Answer

Peptic ulcer disease

Answer

GERD