SGNA GI Anatomy and Physiology 3

Question 1

Barrett's esophagus is characterized by replacement of normal squamous epithelium with which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Intestinal metaplasia (columnar epithelium)

Answer

Transitional epithelium

Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium

Answer

Cuboidal epithelium

Question 2

The pancreatic acinar cells primarily produce which substance?

Accepted Answer

Digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, proteases)

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Bicarbonate only

Question 3

Which segment of the colon has the highest risk of diverticulosis formation in Western populations?

Accepted Answer

Sigmoid colon

Answer

Cecum

Answer

Transverse colon

Answer

Ascending colon

Question 4

Intrinsic factor, essential for vitamin B12 absorption, is produced in which GI location?

Accepted Answer

Gastric parietal cells

Answer

Duodenal Brunner's glands

Answer

Ileal enterocytes

Answer

Pancreatic beta cells

Question 5

Which anatomical landmark separates the ascending and transverse colon?

Accepted Answer

Hepatic flexure

Answer

Splenic flexure

Answer

Sigmoid junction

Answer

Ileocecal valve

Question 6

Meissner's (submucosal) plexus primarily regulates which GI function?

Accepted Answer

Secretion and local blood flow

Answer

Peristaltic muscle contractions

Answer

Sphincter tone only

Answer

Hormonal secretion