AOA AOA Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Question 1

Which medication class is considered first-line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Metformin (biguanide)

Answer

Metformin is the recommended first-line pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes due to its efficacy, safety profile, cardiovascular benefits, and low cost.

Question 2

What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in treating hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Answer

ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure by blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme, preventing formation of angiotensin II which causes vasoconstriction and aldosterone release.

Question 3

Which antibiotic class is contraindicated in pregnant women due to risk of fetal dental discoloration and impaired bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Tetracyclines

Answer

Tetracyclines bind calcium in developing fetal teeth and bones, causing permanent discoloration and growth inhibition, making them contraindicated in pregnancy.

Question 4

What is the primary therapeutic use of warfarin in clinical practice?

Accepted Answer

Anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic disease

Answer

Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant used to prevent and treat thromboembolic conditions including atrial fibrillation, DVT, and pulmonary embolism.

Question 5

Which dangerous drug interaction occurs when SSRIs are combined with MAOIs?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin syndrome

Answer

Combining SSRIs with MAOIs causes serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by agitation, hyperthermia, and neuromuscular abnormalities.

AOA - AOA Board Certified Practice Test

AOA - AOA Board Certified Practice Test

AOA AOA Pharmacology and Therapeutics