AOA AOA Preventive Medicine and Public Health 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following is a primary prevention strategy for cardiovascular disease?
- Statin therapy after first MI
- Regular physical activity and healthy diet (Correct answer)
- Cardiac catheterization screening
- Beta-blocker prophylaxis
Correct answer: Regular physical activity and healthy diet
Primary prevention involves lifestyle modifications like regular physical activity and a healthy diet to prevent cardiovascular disease before it occurs.
Question 2: What is the recommended screening interval for colorectal cancer using colonoscopy in average-risk adults starting at age 45?
- Every 5 years
- Every 3 years
- Every 10 years (Correct answer)
- Every 2 years
Correct answer: Every 10 years
Current guidelines recommend colonoscopy every 10 years for average-risk adults beginning at age 45 for colorectal cancer screening.
Question 3: Which vaccine is recommended for adults aged 65 and older to prevent pneumococcal disease?
- PCV13 only
- PPSV23 only
- PCV20 alone or PCV15 followed by PPSV23 (Correct answer)
- Neither; vaccination is only for immunocompromised patients
Correct answer: PCV20 alone or PCV15 followed by PPSV23
Adults 65 and older should receive either PCV20 alone or PCV15 followed by PPSV23 at least one year later per current CDC guidelines.
Question 4: What BMI threshold defines obesity in adults according to standard clinical guidelines?
- ≥ 25 kg/m²
- ≥ 27 kg/m²
- ≥ 30 kg/m² (Correct answer)
- ≥ 35 kg/m²
Correct answer: ≥ 30 kg/m²
A BMI of 30 kg/m² or greater defines obesity in adults according to standard clinical guidelines.
Question 5: Which screening test is recommended for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in men aged 65–75 who have ever smoked?
- CT angiography
- One-time abdominal ultrasound (Correct answer)
- Annual chest X-ray
- Annual abdominal MRI
Correct answer: One-time abdominal ultrasound
A one-time abdominal ultrasound screening is recommended for men aged 65–75 who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime.
Question 6: Approximately what percentage of lung cancers in the United States are attributable to cigarette smoking?
- 40–50%
- 60–70%
- 80–90% (Correct answer)
- 95–98%
Correct answer: 80–90%
Approximately 80–90% of lung cancers in the US are caused by cigarette smoking, making it the leading preventable cause.
AOA AOA Preventive Medicine and Public Health 1
Which of the following is a primary prevention strategy for cardiovascular disease?