NAVLE Veterinary Pharmacology 5

Question 1

Which drug is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity in cats?

Accepted Answer

N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

Answer

N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione stores, allowing detoxification of the toxic acetaminophen metabolite NAPQI and is the primary antidote for acetaminophen toxicity.

Question 2

Organophosphate toxicity in animals is treated with which combination of drugs?

Accepted Answer

Atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM)

Answer

Atropine blocks muscarinic signs of organophosphate toxicity while pralidoxime reactivates acetylcholinesterase if given early before 'aging' of the enzyme occurs.

Question 3

Which of the following correctly describes 'first-pass metabolism'?

Accepted Answer

Hepatic metabolism that reduces bioavailability of orally administered drugs before reaching systemic circulation

Answer

First-pass metabolism refers to the hepatic biotransformation of an orally administered drug as it passes through the portal circulation before reaching systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability.

Question 4

A bird (psittacine) presents with a bacterial infection. Which antibiotic class should be avoided due to risk of fatal dysbiosis?

Accepted Answer

Lincosamides and macrolides at high doses

Answer

Lincosamides (e.g., clindamycin) and certain macrolides can cause fatal disruption of the GI microbiome in birds, similar to the antibiotic-associated enterocolitis seen in other species.

Question 5

Which drug is used to treat urinary incontinence in spayed female dogs by increasing urethral sphincter tone?

Accepted Answer

Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)

Answer

Phenylpropanolamine is an alpha-adrenergic agonist that increases urethral sphincter muscle tone and is the drug of choice for hormone-responsive incontinence in spayed dogs.

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE Veterinary Pharmacology 5