NAVLE Canine Medicine and Surgery Questions and Answers

Question 1

A 5-year-old, male neutered Doberman Pinscher presents for evaluation.
Echocardiography reveals a dilated left ventricle with decreased fractional shortening.
The owner reports episodes of coughing and exercise intolerance.
Which of the following long-term oral medications has been shown to delay the onset of clinical signs and extend the life of Dobermans in the occult stage of this disease?

Accepted Answer

Pimobendan

Answer

Furosemide

Answer

Enalapril

Answer

Spironolactone

Question 2

A 10-week-old female Maltese puppy is presented for her first physical examination. On auscultation, you detect a continuous, 'machinery-like' murmur, heard best over the left heart base. The puppy is otherwise bright and alert. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Answer

Ventricular Septal Defect

Answer

Pulmonic Stenosis

Answer

Mitral Valve Dysplasia

Question 3

A 4-year-old female spayed Standard Poodle presents with a 2-day history of lethargy, vomiting, and weakness. Physical exam reveals pale mucous membranes and tachycardia. A CBC shows a hematocrit of 15% with marked spherocytosis and autoagglutination. What is the MOST critical initial component of immunosuppressive therapy for this dog's condition?

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoids

Answer

Azathioprine

Answer

Cyclosporine

Answer

Mycophenolate mofetil

Question 4

Which of the following findings on an ACTH stimulation test is most consistent with a diagnosis of typical hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease) in a dog?

Accepted Answer

Low baseline cortisol with a minimal to no response post-ACTH

Answer

Low baseline cortisol with an exaggerated response post-ACTH

Answer

High baseline cortisol with a minimal response post-ACTH

Answer

Normal baseline cortisol with an exaggerated response post-ACTH

Question 5

A 7-year-old, neutered male Golden Retriever is presented with a chief complaint of weight gain, lethargy, and a 'rat tail' (alopecia on the tail). Physical examination reveals a dull coat, truncal alopecia, and mild obesity. Which of the following clinicopathologic abnormalities would be most supportive of a diagnosis of hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Hypercholesterolemia

Answer

Hyperglycemia

Answer

Low BUN and creatinine

Answer

Increased ALT and ALKP

Question 6

A 2-year-old Miniature Schnauzer is presented to the emergency clinic with acute onset of vomiting and profuse hemorrhagic diarrhea, described as 'raspberry jam' in appearance. The dog is tachycardic, has weak pulses, and a PCV of 62% with normal total solids. What is the most critical initial treatment for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Aggressive intravenous fluid therapy

Answer

Oral metronidazole

Answer

Subcutaneous fluids and anti-emetics

Answer

Immediate blood transfusion