NAVLE Theriogenology and Reproductive Medicine

Question 1

A 5-year-old Holstein cow has not shown estrus 60 days postpartum.
Rectal palpation reveals a corpus luteum (CL) on one ovary with no other abnormalities.
Which treatment protocol is most appropriate to initiate cyclicity?

Accepted Answer

Administer prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) to lyse the CL and allow return to estrus

Answer

Administer GnRH to stimulate follicle-stimulating hormone release

Answer

Begin a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID) for 14 days

Answer

Administer estradiol cypionate to induce a standing heat

Question 2

During a routine equine breeding soundness evaluation (BSE) in a 4-year-old Thoroughbred stallion, semen evaluation reveals: total motility 65%, progressive motility 45%, morphology 55% normal sperm. Per AAEP guidelines, how should this stallion be classified?

Accepted Answer

Questionable potential breeder

Answer

Satisfactory potential breeder

Answer

Unsatisfactory potential breeder

Answer

Deferred — repeat evaluation in 30 days

Question 3

A primiparous Labrador Retriever bitch delivered 6 puppies 18 hours ago. She is now febrile (40.5°C), depressed, and has a malodorous dark vaginal discharge. Abdominal palpation reveals uterine discomfort. The most likely diagnosis and first-line treatment are:

Accepted Answer

Acute metritis — broad-spectrum antibiotics (amoxicillin-clavulanate), oxytocin, and supportive care

Answer

Subinvolution of placental sites — supportive care and monitoring

Answer

Mastitis — hot-pack mammary glands and oxytocin to promote drainage

Answer

Eclampsia — IV calcium gluconate 10% slowly to effect

Question 4

A 7-year-old mare is presented for evaluation of repeat breeding failure. Uterine culture yields a pure growth of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Cytology shows >2 neutrophils per low-power field. The most appropriate initial treatment is:

Accepted Answer

Uterine lavage with large-volume saline followed by intrauterine infusion of appropriate antibiotic after culture and sensitivity

Answer

Systemic enrofloxacin for 14 days

Answer

Intrauterine oxytocin to promote drainage without antibiotics

Answer

Systemic penicillin G IM for 10 days only

Question 5

A beef cow has been in second-stage labor for 90 minutes with no calf produced. Vaginal examination reveals a calf in dorsal longitudinal presentation with both forelimbs retained. Which corrective manipulation should be performed?

Accepted Answer

Repel the head, extend and cup each forelimb in turn, then reposition in anterior presentation before applying traction

Answer

Apply traction immediately to the visible head to deliver the calf

Answer

Perform fetotomy of the head to relieve obstruction

Answer

Administer oxytocin 20 IU IV to increase uterine contractions

Question 6

Which statement correctly describes the feline estrous cycle?

Accepted Answer

Queens are induced ovulators; without mating or coital stimulation, they undergo repeated estrous cycles during the breeding season

Answer

Queens are spontaneous ovulators with a 21-day cycle similar to dogs

Answer

Queens are seasonally polyestrous induced ovulators with luteal phase length of 2–3 weeks after infertile mating

Answer

Queens ovulate spontaneously mid-estrus and develop a functional CL regardless of mating