NAVLE Veterinary Pharmacology 3

Question 1

Which drug is used to reverse the sedative and analgesic effects of medetomidine in dogs and cats?

Accepted Answer

Atipamezole

Answer

Atipamezole is a specific alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist used to reverse medetomidine and dexmedetomidine sedation in dogs and cats.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the pharmacokinetic term 'volume of distribution' (Vd)?

Accepted Answer

A theoretical volume relating plasma drug concentration to total drug in the body

Answer

Volume of distribution is a theoretical volume that relates the total amount of drug in the body to the concentration measured in plasma.

Question 3

Aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., gentamicin) should be used with extreme caution in patients with which condition?

Accepted Answer

Renal insufficiency

Answer

Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic and require renal elimination; pre-existing renal insufficiency greatly increases the risk of drug accumulation and toxicity.

Question 4

A ferret with insulinoma is being treated medically. Which drug is used to increase blood glucose by inhibiting insulin secretion?

Accepted Answer

Diazoxide

Answer

Diazoxide inhibits pancreatic insulin secretion and promotes glycogenolysis, making it useful for managing hypoglycemia in ferrets with insulinoma.

Question 5

Which fluoroquinolone is known to cause retinal degeneration in cats, particularly at high doses?

Accepted Answer

Enrofloxacin

Answer

Enrofloxacin at high doses has been associated with acute retinal degeneration and blindness in cats, and dosing must be carefully limited in this species.

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE Veterinary Pharmacology 3