NAVLE Veterinary Anesthesia and Pain Management

Question 1

Which preanesthetic agent is CONTRAINDICATED in patients with suspected splenic masses because it causes splenic engorgement and sequestration of red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Acepromazine

Answer

Acepromazine (a phenothiazine) causes splenic engorgement by relaxing the splenic capsule, which can significantly enlarge an existing splenic mass and complicate diagnosis or surgery.

Question 2

Among the currently used inhalant anesthetics, which has the LOWEST blood:gas partition coefficient, resulting in the fastest induction and recovery?

Accepted Answer

Desflurane

Answer

Desflurane has the lowest blood:gas partition coefficient (~0.42), meaning it equilibrates rapidly between blood and alveoli, producing the fastest induction and recovery of the available inhalants.

Question 3

A cat receiving repeated or prolonged propofol infusions is at risk for which unique hematologic complication?

Accepted Answer

Heinz body anemia

Answer

Cats lack efficient glucuronidation and are sensitive to the phenolic compounds in propofol, which can cause oxidative damage to hemoglobin and formation of Heinz bodies, leading to hemolytic anemia.

Question 4

Xylazine and dexmedetomidine produce sedation and analgesia through which primary mechanism of action?

Accepted Answer

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonism

Answer

Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists such as xylazine and dexmedetomidine bind presynaptic and postsynaptic alpha-2 receptors in the CNS and periphery, producing dose-dependent sedation, muscle relaxation, and analgesia.

Question 5

Which preanesthetic agent has the LEAST cardiovascular depression and is therefore most appropriate in critically ill or hemodynamically unstable patients?

Accepted Answer

Midazolam

Answer

Midazolam and other benzodiazepines have minimal cardiovascular effects, making them preferred preanesthetic agents for critically ill, geriatric, or hemodynamically compromised patients.

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE Veterinary Anesthesia and Pain Management