NAVLE Canine Medicine and Surgery 3

Question 1

A 6-year-old male Dachshund presents acutely with inability to walk in the hind limbs and deep pain perception is absent bilaterally. MRI confirms a thoracolumbar Hansen type I disc extrusion at T13-L1. What is the most critical prognostic indicator?

Accepted Answer

Presence or absence of deep pain perception

Answer

Presence or absence of deep pain perception is the single most important prognostic factor; dogs with intact deep pain have >90% recovery rates while those without have significantly lower rates.

Question 2

A dog presents with polydipsia, polyuria, and a urine specific gravity of 1.006. A water deprivation test is performed; after 8 hours the USG remains 1.007. Following ADH administration, USG rises to 1.022. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Central diabetes insipidus

Answer

Response to exogenous ADH (desmopressin) with concentration of urine confirms the kidneys can respond, indicating deficient ADH production from the pituitary — central diabetes insipidus.

Question 3

Which breed is most predisposed to developing dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and typically presents with atrial fibrillation as its most common arrhythmia?

Accepted Answer

Irish Wolfhound

Answer

Irish Wolfhounds have a very high prevalence of DCM and, due to their large atrial mass, are particularly prone to atrial fibrillation as a complicating arrhythmia.

Question 4

A 2-year-old intact male Rottweiler presents with a swollen, painful, warm prepuce. On examination, a mass is visualized within the prepuce that cannot be reduced. What is this condition called?

Accepted Answer

Paraphimosis

Answer

Paraphimosis is the inability to retract an exposed penis back into the prepuce, causing engorgement, swelling, and risk of ischemia requiring urgent treatment.

Question 5

A dog is suspected to have toxicosis from xylitol ingestion 30 minutes ago. Which clinical signs would you expect first?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia and seizures

Answer

Xylitol causes rapid insulin release in dogs leading to profound hypoglycemia within 30-60 minutes; hepatic necrosis can occur later with larger doses.

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE Canine Medicine and Surgery 3