NAVLE Canine Internal Medicine 5

Question 1

A 6-year-old Miniature Poodle has chronic small bowel diarrhea. Serum TLI is 2.0 µg/L (normal >2.5 µg/L). What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

Answer

A serum TLI below 2.5 µg/L is diagnostic for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, reflecting markedly reduced pancreatic enzyme secretion.

Question 2

A 9-year-old Labrador Retriever is diagnosed with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (IRIS). Serum phosphorus is 6.8 mg/dL. Which intervention is most important to slow CKD progression?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate restriction and phosphate binders

Answer

Phosphate restriction through diet and phosphate binders reduces renal mineralization and is one of the most evidence-based strategies to slow CKD progression.

Question 3

A 4-year-old Labrador Retriever presents with acute respiratory distress after ingesting rat poison 2 days ago. PT and aPTT are severely prolonged; patient has pleural hemorrhage. Which rodenticide is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Brodifacoum (second-generation anticoagulant)

Answer

Second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides like brodifacoum inhibit vitamin K epoxide reductase, causing prolonged coagulopathy and hemorrhage 1–5 days post-ingestion.

Question 4

A 5-year-old Poodle presents with acute collapse, pale mucous membranes, and distended abdomen. Ultrasound reveals a large hepatic mass with free abdominal fluid. Which tumor is most commonly associated with hemoabdomen in dogs?

Accepted Answer

Hemangiosarcoma

Answer

Hemangiosarcoma of the spleen or liver is the most common cause of spontaneous hemoabdomen in dogs due to its highly vascular and fragile nature.

Question 5

A 7-year-old intact female Boxer presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and a serum sodium of 157 mEq/L. She is not pregnant. Endogenous ACTH stimulation test is normal. Which diagnosis is most consistent with these findings?

Accepted Answer

Diestrus-associated acromegaly or progesterone-induced GH excess

Answer

Progesterone during diestrus stimulates mammary GH secretion in intact females, causing insulin resistance, PU/PD, and hypernatremia (acromegaly-like syndrome).

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE Canine Internal Medicine 5