NAVLE Canine Internal Medicine 4

Question 1

A 6-year-old Rottweiler presents with acute vomiting and melena. Gastroscopy reveals a deep ulcer in the antrum. Which drug class is most effective at preventing NSAID-induced gastrointestinal ulcers in dogs?

Accepted Answer

Proton pump inhibitors

Answer

Proton pump inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole) provide the most potent and sustained acid suppression and are superior to H2 blockers for preventing and treating GI ulcers.

Question 2

A 4-year-old Siberian Husky presents with PU/PD. Water deprivation test shows urine osmolality of 180 mOsm/kg after 12 hours. After desmopressin administration, urine osmolality rises to 650 mOsm/kg. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Central diabetes insipidus

Answer

A robust response to exogenous ADH (desmopressin) indicates intact renal tubular response, confirming central (hypothalamic/pituitary) diabetes insipidus.

Question 3

A 10-year-old mixed-breed dog presents with weight gain, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, and a pot-bellied appearance. Urine cortisol:creatinine ratio is elevated. LDDS test shows no suppression. HDDS test shows >50% suppression. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

Answer

Suppression on the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (>50%) indicates the excess ACTH source is pituitary-dependent (PDH).

Question 4

A 3-year-old Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier presents with hypoalbuminemia (1.4 g/dL), ascites, and normal liver enzymes. Protein-losing enteropathy is suspected. Which finding on intestinal biopsy would be most consistent with lymphangiectasia?

Accepted Answer

Dilated lacteals and lipid-laden macrophages

Answer

Dilated lacteals with lipid-laden macrophages (lipogranulomas) are the hallmark histopathologic findings of intestinal lymphangiectasia.

Question 5

A 5-year-old male Dalmatian presents with recurrent urinary tract infections and struvite uroliths. Urate crystals are also identified on urinalysis. Which metabolic defect predisposes Dalmatians to urate urolithiasis?

Accepted Answer

Reduced hepatic conversion of uric acid to allantoin

Answer

Dalmatians have impaired hepatic conversion of uric acid to allantoin and reduced renal tubular reabsorption of urate, leading to uric acid excretion and urate uroliths.

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE - North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Test

NAVLE Canine Internal Medicine 4