LPN LPN: Pharmacological Therapies 2

Question 1

A patient is prescribed metformin 500 mg twice daily. Which condition is an absolute contraindication for this medication?

Accepted Answer

Renal impairment with eGFR < 30 mL/min

Answer

Metformin is contraindicated in severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min) due to the risk of lactic acidosis.

Question 2

An LPN is administering heparin subcutaneously. Which action is correct technique?

Accepted Answer

Inject into the abdomen 2 inches from the umbilicus

Answer

Heparin should be injected into the abdomen at least 2 inches from the umbilicus to reduce bruising and ensure proper absorption.

Question 3

A patient taking warfarin reports eating large amounts of leafy green vegetables daily. What is the primary concern?

Accepted Answer

Decreased anticoagulant effect due to high vitamin K intake

Answer

Vitamin K found in leafy greens antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect, potentially reducing its therapeutic efficacy.

Question 4

Which medication requires the nurse to monitor serum potassium levels most closely?

Accepted Answer

Furosemide

Answer

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium wasting, placing patients at risk for hypokalemia.

Question 5

A patient is prescribed morphine 4 mg IV every 4 hours PRN for pain. The patient's respiratory rate is 10 breaths/min. What should the LPN do first?

Accepted Answer

Notify the charge nurse or physician immediately

Answer

A respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min indicates respiratory depression, a serious opioid side effect requiring immediate notification.

LPN - Licensed Practical Nurse Practice Test