Lean Six Sigma Black Belt Certification Study Guide 2026

Prospective data collection captures data as events happen, reducing recall bias and data integrity issues common with historical data.

OEE = Availability × Performance × Quality, representing the share of planned production time that is truly productive.

The Box-Cox transformation applies a power function to data to make it more closely approximate a normal distribution for valid statistical analysis.

Process Performance (Pp, Ppk) and Process Capability (Cp, Cpk) are specific indices used to assess process capability for continuous data. However, 'Process Performance' itself is not a continuous data capability index but rather a general term describing the overall performance of a process. The other options refer to specific, recognized statistical indices.

A matrix organization has employees reporting to both functional managers and project managers simultaneously.

Control charts are statistical tools that visually represent the performance of a process over time, distinguishing between common cause variation and special cause variation. They are often referred to as the 'voice of the process' because they show what the process is actually doing and its inherent capabilities and limits. While crucial for process monitoring, they do not directly reflect customer expectations or team opinions.