ACSM-EP Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

A client at rest has a heart rate of 75 bpm and a stroke volume of 70 mL per beat. What is the resting cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

5.25 L/min

Answer

Cardiac output = HR x SV = 75 x 70 mL = 5,250 mL/min, or about 5.25 L/min.

Question 2

During maximal exercise a client has a heart rate of 180 bpm, a stroke volume of 100 mL, and an arteriovenous oxygen difference of 15 mL O2 per 100 mL blood. Using the Fick equation, what is the approximate VO2?

Accepted Answer

2.7 L/min

Answer

Q = 180 x 0.100 L = 18 L/min; VO2 = Q x a-vO2 diff = 18 x 0.150 L/L = 2.7 L/min.

Question 3

What is the primary physiological reason a highly trained endurance athlete has a higher VO2max than a sedentary peer of the same age?

Accepted Answer

A greater maximal stroke volume and cardiac output

Answer

Maximal heart rate is similar between the two, so the higher VO2max is mainly due to a larger maximal stroke volume and cardiac output.

Question 4

According to the size principle of motor unit recruitment, which motor units are recruited first as force demands increase?

Accepted Answer

Smaller, slow-twitch units with low thresholds

Answer

The size principle states that small, low-threshold slow-twitch motor units are recruited first, with larger fast-twitch units added as force demands rise.

Question 5

Which energy system is the predominant source of ATP during the first 10 seconds of a maximal-effort sprint?

Accepted Answer

Phosphagen (ATP-PC) system

Answer

The phosphagen (ATP-PC) system supplies most ATP for maximal efforts lasting up to about 10 seconds.

ACSM Practice Test

ACSM Practice Test

ACSM-EP Anatomy & Physiology