Endocrine Weight Loss Endocrine System 5

Question 1

Which enzyme in adipose tissue converts inactive cortisone to active cortisol locally, amplifying fat storage signals?

Accepted Answer

11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1)

Answer

11β-HSD1 is overexpressed in visceral fat of obese individuals, regenerating active cortisol from cortisone and promoting abdominal fat accumulation.

Question 2

Ozempic (semaglutide) achieves weight loss by acting as an agonist at which receptor?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)

Answer

Semaglutide mimics endogenous GLP-1, activating GLP-1 receptors in the brain and gut to reduce appetite, slow gastric emptying, and lower blood glucose.

Question 3

A patient has elevated fasting glucose, high triglycerides, low HDL, central obesity, and hypertension. This cluster of findings is called:

Accepted Answer

Metabolic syndrome

Answer

Metabolic syndrome is diagnosed when three or more of five criteria are met: large waist, high triglycerides, low HDL, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting glucose.

Question 4

Which neuropeptide produced in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus powerfully stimulates hunger and is suppressed by leptin?

Accepted Answer

Neuropeptide Y (NPY)

Answer

NPY is one of the most potent orexigenic signals in the brain; leptin normally suppresses NPY neurons, and leptin resistance allows unchecked NPY activity.

Question 5

Testosterone deficiency in men (male hypogonadism) contributes to obesity mainly through:

Accepted Answer

Reduced lipolysis and increased visceral fat accumulation

Answer

Testosterone promotes lipolysis and muscle mass; deficiency reduces fat burning, increases visceral fat, and worsens insulin resistance.

Endocrine Weight Loss Practice Test

Endocrine Weight Loss Practice Test

Endocrine Weight Loss Endocrine System 5