FREE Endocrine Pathology Question and Answers
Lethargy, exhaustion, aversion to the cold, dry skin and hair, hoarseness of voice, and weight gain are symptoms that a patient exhibits. He also exhibits insanity, and it seems as though his pulse rate is lower than usual. Which of the following is not a result of the symptoms that are currently present?
Explanation:
Iodine interferes with the production of thyroid hormones when it is consumed in excess, leading to hypothyroidism or low thyroid hormone levels. Fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, and intolerance to temperature changes are all signs of hypothyroidism.
A patient shows up with goiter, exopthalmosis, sweating, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, lid lag, and other symptoms. A thyroid scan reveals what appears to be more iodine than usual. What is the disease's pathogenesis?
Explanation:
When the immune system is altered in some manner, it is said to be immunological mediated. The answer to your excellent question is "no, maybe, uh, sort of." A disease is considered to be entirely autoimmune when it has been shown that the generation of specific antibodies or immune cells against a particular body part or tissue caused the original insult.
The patient complains of being worn out, being weak, anorexic, apathetic, having abdominal pain, being hyperpigmented, and having postural hypertension. He appears to be in cardiogenic shock after infection, and his blood volume has been reduced. His potassium levels are high and his sodium levels are low. What other condition would be elevated?
Explanation:
Adrenocorticotropic hormone is referred to as ACTH, which may sound difficult to pronounce to some. To elaborate, ACTH is an adrenal hormone (adreno) that regulates the function of the adrenal cortex (cortical).
Weight loss, polyphagia, polydypsia, increased fatigue, vomiting, and hyperventilation are all symptoms a patient exhibits. He is a young man, and his parents have been identified as having the same illness. Which of the following etiological factors is most frequently linked to this disease in elderly populations?
Explanation:
Obesity is not a matter of willpower or self-control; rather, it is a very complex metabolic condition. Being obese or overweight is not the patient's fault; rather, it is the outcome of a complex biological process in which the body increases the amount of fat it desires to retain. People who are obese may seek calorie-dense foods more and are more prone to store excess calories as fat as a result. Weight gain is the end effect, or more accurately, the body desires to carry more fat.
A patient is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, arthritis, increased skeletal and soft tissue growth, and menstruation irregularities. Which of the following levels would rise after oral glucose administration?
Explanation:
Hormones like IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) and HGH (human growth hormone) have intricate roles to play in aging. The connection between the two is that your pituitary gland secretes GH, which acts on your liver to boost the creation of IGF-1. Many people combine HGH and IGF-1 because of their strong association.
A patient had a blood test done, and it was found that the patient has very low sodium levels. The fact that the patient just had surgery is also known. In addition, he also seems to have a lung small cell tumor. Which of the following conditions has the strongest connection to the patient's illness?
Explanation:
Diabetes insipidus is an uncommon illness in which a person's kidneys secrete an excessive amount of insipid—dilute and odorless—urine. The kidneys typically excrete 1 to 2 quarts of urine every day. Kidney function in persons with diabetes insipidus ranges from 3 to 20 quarts of urine per day.
One of the patients comes in with a lump on his neck. A tissue sample revealed what seemed to be parafollicular cells. Though it usually occurs sporadically, the tumor is connected to MEN II as well. How should treatment be monitored best?
Explanation:
The amount of calcitonin in your blood is determined by this test. Your thyroid is a tiny, butterfly-shaped gland found close to the throat that produces the hormone calcitonin. Calcitonin aids in regulating the body's usage of calcium.