Endocrine Weight Loss Metabolic Rate and Energy Balance

Question 1

Which component accounts for the largest portion of total daily energy expenditure in most adults?

Accepted Answer

Basal metabolic rate

Answer

Thermic effect of food

Answer

Physical activity

Answer

Non-exercise activity thermogenesis

Question 2

Which hormone primarily regulates basal metabolic rate by controlling cellular oxygen consumption?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 3

What term describes the increase in metabolic rate that occurs after eating a meal?

Accepted Answer

Thermic effect of food

Answer

Adaptive thermogenesis

Answer

Resting energy expenditure

Answer

Post-absorptive state

Question 4

A patient on a prolonged calorie-restricted diet experiences a drop in metabolic rate beyond what is expected from lean mass loss. This is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Adaptive thermogenesis

Answer

Insulin resistance

Answer

Lipotoxicity

Answer

Gluconeogenesis upregulation

Question 5

Which of the following best estimates resting energy expenditure in a clinical setting?

Accepted Answer

Harris-Benedict equation

Answer

Doubly-labeled water method

Answer

Skin-fold thickness measurement

Answer

Bioelectrical impedance analysis

Question 6

Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

Energy expended during all physical activity except volitional exercise

Answer

Calories burned during structured exercise sessions

Answer

The heat generated by brown adipose tissue

Answer

Metabolic energy used during sleep