Endocrine Weight Loss Endocrine Pathology 5

Question 1

Prader-Willi syndrome causes obesity through which primary endocrine/neurological mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamic dysfunction causing insatiable hunger (hyperphagia) and GH deficiency

Answer

Prader-Willi syndrome involves hypothalamic dysfunction resulting in hyperphagia, GH deficiency, hypogonadism, and severe early-childhood obesity.

Question 2

A patient on long-term glucocorticoid therapy for rheumatoid arthritis develops weight gain, striae, and hyperglycemia. This iatrogenic condition mimics which endocrine disease?

Accepted Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Long-term exogenous glucocorticoid use produces iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome with the same features as endogenous cortisol excess.

Question 3

In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with obesity, which endocrine abnormality most directly drives hepatic fat accumulation?

Accepted Answer

Hyperinsulinemia stimulating de novo lipogenesis in the liver

Answer

Hyperinsulinemia from insulin resistance stimulates SREBP-1c–driven de novo lipogenesis in the liver, a key driver of NAFLD.

Question 4

Which imaging modality is the gold standard for quantifying visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in research and clinical metabolic risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal CT scan at the L4-L5 level

Answer

CT cross-sectional area at L4-L5 is the gold standard for measuring visceral fat volume, distinguishing VAT from subcutaneous fat.

Question 5

A man with hypogonadism (low testosterone) presents with increased body fat and loss of muscle mass. Testosterone replacement therapy is expected to:

Accepted Answer

Reduce visceral fat and increase lean body mass

Answer

Testosterone promotes muscle protein synthesis and lipolysis; replacing deficient testosterone in hypogonadal men reduces fat mass and increases lean mass.

Endocrine Weight Loss Practice Test

Endocrine Weight Loss Practice Test

Endocrine Weight Loss Endocrine Pathology 5