Endocrine Weight Loss Endocrine Pathology 3

Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic lab finding in a patient with primary hypothyroidism causing weight gain?

Accepted Answer

Elevated TSH with low free T4

Answer

Primary hypothyroidism shows elevated TSH (pituitary compensating) and low free T4 (insufficient thyroid production).

Question 2

A tumor of the pancreatic islet cells that secretes excess insulin, causing hypoglycemia and compensatory overeating with weight gain, is called a:

Accepted Answer

Insulinoma

Answer

Insulinoma is a rare pancreatic beta-cell tumor that autonomously secretes insulin, causing recurrent hypoglycemia and reactive overeating.

Question 3

Which endocrine disorder is characterized by elevated prolactin, weight gain, amenorrhea, and galactorrhea in women?

Accepted Answer

Hyperprolactinemia

Answer

Hyperprolactinemia (often from a pituitary prolactinoma) suppresses gonadal hormones and can cause weight gain, amenorrhea, and galactorrhea.

Question 4

In metabolic syndrome, which combination of features must be present according to standard diagnostic criteria?

Accepted Answer

Central obesity, elevated triglycerides, low HDL, hypertension, and elevated fasting glucose

Answer

Metabolic syndrome requires at least 3 of 5 criteria: large waist circumference, high triglycerides, low HDL, hypertension, and elevated fasting glucose.

Question 5

Which adrenal hormone, when chronically elevated, directly increases appetite and promotes visceral fat deposition?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Cortisol stimulates appetite (especially for calorie-dense foods) and drives preferential fat storage in visceral depots.

Endocrine Weight Loss Practice Test

Endocrine Weight Loss Practice Test

Endocrine Weight Loss Endocrine Pathology 3