Endocrine Weight Loss Metabolic Rate and Energy Balance 3

Question 1

Which metabolic condition is characterized by a paradoxically low metabolic rate relative to body size?

Accepted Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Hypothyroidism reduces thyroid hormone-driven thermogenesis, resulting in a lower-than-expected metabolic rate and weight gain.

Question 2

Post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) refers to:

Accepted Answer

Oxygen debt accumulated during anaerobic exercise repaid after exercise

Answer

EPOC (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption) is the elevated oxygen uptake after exercise that restores physiological homeostasis and contributes to additional calorie burn.

Question 3

Resistance training contributes to long-term weight management primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Increasing muscle mass and thereby raising resting metabolic rate

Answer

Resistance training builds skeletal muscle mass, which raises resting metabolic rate because muscle tissue is more metabolically active than fat.

Question 4

Which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect of feeding?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Protein has the highest thermic effect at 20–30% of its caloric content, compared to 5–10% for carbohydrate and 0–3% for fat.

Question 5

In the context of obesity pharmacotherapy, which mechanism do most FDA-approved weight-loss medications target?

Accepted Answer

Blocking intestinal fat absorption or modulating central appetite pathways

Answer

Most approved weight-loss drugs work either by reducing fat absorption (orlistat) or by acting on central nervous system pathways that regulate hunger and satiety.

Endocrine Weight Loss Practice Test

Endocrine Weight Loss Practice Test

Endocrine Weight Loss Metabolic Rate and Energy Balance 3