CNA CNA Nutrition & Hydration 1

Question 1

What is the recommended minimum daily fluid intake for most adults?

Accepted Answer

1.5–2 liters (6–8 cups)

Answer

Most adults require 1.5–2 liters (6–8 cups) of fluid daily to maintain proper hydration and support body functions.

Question 2

In which position should a patient be placed during feeding to help prevent aspiration?

Accepted Answer

Upright at 90 degrees or as close as possible

Answer

Sitting upright at 90 degrees uses gravity to direct food and fluid down the esophagus, reducing the risk of aspiration into the lungs.

Question 3

What does the medical abbreviation 'NPO' mean?

Accepted Answer

Nothing by mouth

Answer

NPO stands for 'nil per os' (Latin), meaning the patient should receive nothing by mouth — no food, fluids, or oral medications.

Question 4

Which macronutrient provides 9 calories per gram, the highest energy density among all nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Fat

Answer

Fat provides 9 calories per gram, compared to 4 calories per gram for both carbohydrates and protein, making it the most energy-dense macronutrient.

Question 5

What is dysphagia?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty swallowing

Answer

Dysphagia refers to difficulty or discomfort in swallowing, which increases aspiration risk and may require diet texture modifications.

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