CET Cardiovascular Anatomy & Physiology 2

Question 1

Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

Accepted Answer

Mitral valve

Answer

The mitral (bicuspid) valve controls blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle.

Question 2

The coronary sinus drains deoxygenated blood from the myocardium into which cardiac chamber?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium

Answer

The coronary sinus empties venous blood from the myocardium into the right atrium near the tricuspid valve.

Question 3

What is the approximate normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

55–70%

Answer

Normal LVEF is generally considered 55–70%, reflecting adequate systolic function.

Question 4

Which layer of the heart wall contains the cardiac muscle cells responsible for contraction?

Accepted Answer

Myocardium

Answer

The myocardium is the thick muscular middle layer composed of cardiomyocytes that generate the pumping force.

Question 5

In the fetal circulation, the ductus arteriosus connects which two vessels?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary artery and aorta

Answer

The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the fetal lungs.

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