CCTN Transplant Complications and Clinical Management 2

Question 1

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in transplant recipients is most severe in which donor-recipient combination?

Accepted Answer

CMV donor positive / recipient negative (D+/R-)

Answer

The D+/R- combination carries the highest CMV risk because the recipient has no prior immunity against primary CMV infection transmitted from the seropositive donor.

Question 2

Renal artery stenosis after kidney transplantation typically presents with which clinical findings?

Accepted Answer

Hypertension that is difficult to control and rising creatinine

Answer

Transplant renal artery stenosis classically presents with refractory hypertension and worsening allograft function, often diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound.

Question 3

A liver transplant patient develops ascites and elevated liver enzymes 2 weeks post-operatively. What complication should be suspected first?

Accepted Answer

Hepatic artery thrombosis

Answer

Hepatic artery thrombosis is a serious early complication of liver transplant that compromises biliary and hepatic perfusion, presenting with liver dysfunction and ascites.

Question 4

What is the most important nursing assessment parameter in the first 24 hours after kidney transplantation?

Accepted Answer

Hourly urine output measurement

Answer

Hourly urine output is the most critical early indicator of graft function — sudden decrease can indicate vascular complications, obstruction, or rejection.

Question 5

Which post-transplant complication is caused by lymphatic disruption during surgery and typically presents as a fluid collection near the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocele

Answer

Lymphocele is a collection of lymphatic fluid that forms near the transplanted kidney due to lymphatic disruption during surgery and may compress the ureter or iliac vein.

CCTN - Certified Clinical Transplant Nurse Practice Test

CCTN - Certified Clinical Transplant Nurse Practice Test

CCTN Transplant Complications and Clinical Management 2