ARDMS Echo Advanced Imaging and Stress Echocardiography 2

Question 1

Which new wall motion abnormality pattern during stress echocardiography is consistent with left anterior descending artery (LAD) ischemia?

Accepted Answer

Anterior and apical hypokinesis/akinesis

Answer

LAD territory ischemia typically manifests as anterior wall and apical regional wall motion abnormalities due to the LAD supplying the anterior LV wall and apex.

Question 2

In 3D echocardiography, what is the primary advantage over 2D methods for measuring LV volumes?

Accepted Answer

Avoids geometric assumptions and foreshortening, improving accuracy

Answer

3D echocardiography directly acquires the full LV volume without relying on geometric assumptions (e.g., ellipsoid model) and avoids the apical foreshortening inherent in 2D imaging.

Question 3

What is speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) used to measure?

Accepted Answer

Myocardial strain and strain rate to detect subclinical dysfunction

Answer

STE tracks natural acoustic speckles frame-to-frame to calculate myocardial deformation (strain) in longitudinal, circumferential, and radial directions, detecting subtle dysfunction before EF drops.

Question 4

What global longitudinal strain (GLS) value suggests subclinical LV dysfunction even with preserved EF?

Accepted Answer

GLS less negative than −16% (e.g., −14%) suggests subclinical dysfunction

Answer

Normal GLS is typically more negative than −20%; GLS less negative than −16% (e.g., −14%, −12%) suggests subclinical myocardial dysfunction even when EF appears preserved.

Question 5

Which TEE view is best for evaluating the thoracic aorta for dissection?

Accepted Answer

High esophageal descending aorta view combined with mid-esophageal aortic views

Answer

The descending aorta is evaluated with the probe in the esophagus and withdrawn from the stomach to the arch; mid-esophageal views assess the ascending aorta and arch for dissection flap.

ARDMS Echo - American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography Echocardiography Practice Test

ARDMS Echo - American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography Echocardiography Practice Test

ARDMS Echo Advanced Imaging and Stress Echocardiography 2