AOCNP Cancer and Oncology Nursing 5

Question 1

A patient receiving immunotherapy with a PD-1 inhibitor develops a new rash and diarrhea. What should the nurse suspect first?

Accepted Answer

Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) requiring immune-modulating treatment

Answer

Rash and diarrhea are common immune-related adverse events (irAEs) from checkpoint inhibitors and must be distinguished from infection to guide appropriate treatment with corticosteroids.

Question 2

Which blood count threshold typically prompts platelet transfusion in a non-bleeding oncology patient per standard guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Platelet count below 10,000/mm³

Answer

Current guidelines recommend prophylactic platelet transfusion at <10,000/mm³ in non-bleeding, hemodynamically stable patients to reduce spontaneous hemorrhage risk.

Question 3

A patient undergoing radiation to the pelvis asks why they were instructed to drink water before each treatment. What is the best explanation?

Accepted Answer

A full bladder displaces the small bowel out of the radiation field, reducing bowel toxicity

Answer

Bladder filling displaces small bowel superiorly and out of the pelvic radiation field, significantly reducing radiation dose to bowel and decreasing gastrointestinal toxicity.

Question 4

Which assessment finding would most concern the nurse in a patient 48 hours post-stem cell transplant?

Accepted Answer

Temperature of 38.6°C with ANC of 50/mm³

Answer

Febrile neutropenia with profound neutropenia in the early post-transplant period is life-threatening and requires immediate empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy.

Question 5

A patient with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is at increased risk for which long-term complication?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis and increased fracture risk

Answer

ADT suppresses testosterone, causing accelerated bone loss leading to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk; bone density monitoring and bisphosphonates may be needed.

AOCNP - Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner Practice Test

AOCNP - Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner Practice Test

AOCNP Cancer and Oncology Nursing 5