AOCNP Cancer Screening and Early Detection 2

Question 1

Which finding on a mammogram is classified as BI-RADS 5 and requires immediate biopsy?

Accepted Answer

Highly suggestive of malignancy, tissue sampling recommended

Answer

BI-RADS 5 indicates findings that are highly suggestive of malignancy (>95% likelihood), such as irregular spiculated masses with pleomorphic microcalcifications. Tissue biopsy is mandatory for all BI-RADS 5 findings.

Question 2

Fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) for colorectal cancer screening detects which substance in stool?

Accepted Answer

Human hemoglobin (globin protein)

Answer

FIT detects human hemoglobin in the stool using antibodies specific to the human globin protein. Unlike guaiac-based FOBT, FIT does not require dietary restrictions and is more specific for colorectal bleeding.

Question 3

A 55-year-old woman with a family history of Lynch syndrome undergoes genetic counseling. Which cancers are primarily associated with Lynch syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Colorectal and endometrial cancer

Answer

Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, HNPCC) is caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) and is associated with colorectal, endometrial, ovarian, gastric, and urinary tract cancers.

Question 4

What is the recommended screening interval for average-risk colonoscopy in patients with no polyps found?

Accepted Answer

Every 10 years

Answer

For average-risk patients with a negative colonoscopy (no adenomas or polyps), the recommended rescreening interval is 10 years, as colorectal cancer development from normal mucosa typically requires 10 or more years.

Question 5

Which statement about PSA screening for prostate cancer is most accurate per current ONCC/USPSTF guidance?

Accepted Answer

PSA screening decision should be individualized with shared decision-making for men aged 55–69

Answer

The USPSTF and most oncology organizations recommend individualized, shared decision-making regarding PSA screening for men aged 55–69, acknowledging benefits of early detection alongside harms of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.

AOCNP - Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner Practice Test

AOCNP - Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner Practice Test

AOCNP Cancer Screening and Early Detection 2