AOA AOA Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2

Question 1

Which medication is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used as first-line therapy for GERD?

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole

Answer

Omeprazole is a PPI that irreversibly blocks gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells.

Question 2

What is the primary mechanism of action of statin medications in treating hyperlipidemia?

Accepted Answer

Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase

Answer

Statins lower cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway of hepatic cholesterol synthesis.

Question 3

Which beta-blocker is cardioselective and preferentially acts on beta-1 receptors?

Accepted Answer

Metoprolol

Answer

Metoprolol is a cardioselective beta-1 blocker that preferentially blocks cardiac beta-1 receptors, making it relatively safer in patients with reactive airway disease.

Question 4

Which treatment is recommended as preferred therapy for initial non-severe Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) per current IDSA guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Oral vancomycin

Answer

Current IDSA guidelines recommend oral vancomycin or fidaxomicin as preferred therapy for initial non-severe CDI over metronidazole.

Question 5

Which diuretic class commonly causes hypokalemia as a significant adverse effect?

Accepted Answer

Thiazide diuretics

Answer

Thiazide diuretics promote potassium excretion in the distal tubule, commonly causing hypokalemia that requires monitoring and possible supplementation.

AOA - AOA Board Certified Practice Test

AOA - AOA Board Certified Practice Test

AOA AOA Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2