AOA Practice-Based Learning 2

Question 1

In a trial, the stroke rate is 20% with placebo and 15% with a new drug. What is the number needed to treat (NNT)?

Accepted Answer

20

Answer

Absolute risk reduction is 5% (0.05), so NNT = 1/0.05 = 20.

Question 2

Using the same trial (20% placebo vs 15% drug), what is the relative risk reduction?

Accepted Answer

25%

Answer

RRR = ARR / control event rate = 0.05 / 0.20 = 25%.

Question 3

A clinic introduces a new diabetic foot-exam reminder, tests it with one physician for two weeks, reviews results, and then expands it. Which quality improvement model does this reflect?

Accepted Answer

Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle

Answer

PDSA cycles test small-scale changes, study the results, and act by adopting, adapting, or abandoning the change.

Question 4

Which study design is best suited to investigate risk factors for a rare disease?

Accepted Answer

Case-control study

Answer

Case-control studies start with affected patients, making them efficient for rare outcomes.

Question 5

A screening test has a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 90%. What is the positive likelihood ratio?

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

LR+ = sensitivity / (1 − specificity) = 0.80 / 0.10 = 8.

AOA - AOA Board Certified Practice Test

AOA - AOA Board Certified Practice Test

AOA Practice-Based Learning 2