Anatomy Exam Human Anatomy 5

Question 1

Which vertebra has a dens (odontoid process)?

Accepted Answer

C2 (Axis)

Answer

The C2 vertebra (axis) has the dens, which projects superiorly to articulate with the atlas and allows rotational head movement.

Question 2

The portal triad in the liver consists of which three structures?

Accepted Answer

Portal vein branch, hepatic artery branch, bile duct

Answer

Each portal triad contains a branch of the portal vein, a branch of the hepatic artery, and a bile ductule.

Question 3

Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the lateral surface of the thigh?

Accepted Answer

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer

The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2-L3) provides sensory innervation to the anterolateral thigh; its compression causes meralgia paresthetica.

Question 4

The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex primarily secretes which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

The outermost zona glomerulosa secretes aldosterone, which regulates sodium retention and potassium excretion.

Question 5

Which structure passes through the foramen magnum?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

The medulla oblongata passes through the foramen magnum as the brainstem continues into the spinal cord.

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