ABT Clinical Toxicology 2

Question 1

Which treatment is first-line for cyanide poisoning in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxocobalamin

Answer

Hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit) is the preferred first-line antidote for cyanide poisoning in the US, binding cyanide to form cyanocobalamin excreted in urine.

Question 2

Methylene blue is the antidote for which toxicological condition?

Accepted Answer

Methemoglobinemia

Answer

Methylene blue reduces methemoglobin back to functional hemoglobin via the NADPH-methemoglobin reductase pathway.

Question 3

A urine drug screen using immunoassay is most prone to which analytical problem?

Accepted Answer

Cross-reactivity causing false positives

Answer

Immunoassay urine drug screens are class-specific and can yield false positives due to cross-reactivity with structurally similar compounds.

Question 4

Which mechanism explains salicylate-induced hyperthermia in severe toxicity?

Accepted Answer

Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Salicylates uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, generating excess heat rather than ATP, leading to hyperthermia.

Question 5

Which of the following is a contraindication to ipecac syrup administration in poisoned patients?

Accepted Answer

Caustic or corrosive substance ingestion

Answer

Ipecac is contraindicated after caustic ingestion because vomiting can worsen esophageal and oropharyngeal injury from re-exposure to the substance.

ABT - American Board of Toxicology Practice Test

ABT - American Board of Toxicology Practice Test

ABT Clinical Toxicology 2